Ownership and the land register
Cartea funciarăLand book (land register)
Cartea funciară (the land book) is Romania's official public register of real estate, kept by ANCPI. Each property has its own land book in three parts: part A describes the property, part B records ownership, and part C lists superficie, usufruct, mortgages and other encumbrances. Real rights over registered property follow land book rules.
Why it matters to you: For a foreign buyer the land book, not the developer's brochure or contract, is the proof of who owns the villa and the land and what burdens them.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 876–878 · Law 7/1996 art. 1 and art. 23Read more →
#IntabulareRegistration of ownership (intabulation)
Intabulare is the definitive entry of a real right, usually ownership, in the land book, based on a notarial deed, final court ruling, certificate of inheritance or administrative act. Where cadastral works for the locality are complete, ownership passes only on intabulare; until then, registration makes the buyer's right enforceable against third parties.
Why it matters to you: Until the villa is intabulated in the buyer's name, the land book still shows the developer as owner, so payments made before that point need separate protection.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 881, 885, 888 · Law 71/2011 art. 56 · Law 7/1996 art. 24(3), 35(1)Read more →
#Notare (în cartea funciară)Notation in the land book
A notare (notation) is a land book entry that records facts, personal rights or legal situations linked to a property, such as a preliminary sale contract, a contractual pre-emption right, a lease, a seizure or a pending lawsuit, so that third parties are bound by them. A notation does not itself transfer or create ownership.
Why it matters to you: Noting a preliminary contract warns any later buyer or lender that the villa is already promised to you, which is the main defence against a property being sold twice.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 881, 902–905Read more →
#Număr cadastral / cadastruCadastral number / cadastre
The cadastre is Romania's technical register that measures, describes and maps every property; the cadastral number is the unique identifier it gives each property, a plot with or without buildings, within its administrative-territorial unit. It links the cadastral map to the land book, and each building on the plot gets a code C1, C2 and so on.
Why it matters to you: The cadastral and land book numbers in your contract must match the plot and villa you actually visited and measured, or you may be paying for a different or unregistered parcel.
Legal basis: Law 7/1996 art. 1(2), 1(5)–(6), 2 · ANCPI Registration Regulation 2023 art. 42–43Read more →
#ANCPI / OCPINational Agency for Cadastre and Land Registration / county cadastre offices
ANCPI (Agenția Națională de Cadastru și Publicitate Imobiliară) is Romania's public agency for the cadastre and land registration. It works through an OCPI office in each county and in Bucharest, and through local land book offices (BCPI) that make registrations and issue extracts. Properties in Balotești fall under OCPI Ilfov.
Why it matters to you: Every check and registration a foreign buyer relies on, from extracts to ownership, mortgages and superficie, comes from ANCPI's records rather than from documents supplied by the seller.
Legal basis: Law 7/1996 art. 3(1)–(3)Read more →
#Drept de superficieSuperficies right (superficie)
Superficie is a real right to own a building on land that belongs to someone else, together with a right to use that land. It can be granted for up to 99 years and renewed at expiry. It is entered in the land book, and the holder can sell or mortgage it, but only together with the building.
Why it matters to you: It is the legal route by which a non-EU buyer who cannot own Romanian land holds a villa and the land it needs, so the contract's term, renewal and end-of-term clauses deserve close reading.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 693–702 · Civil Code art. 2379(1)(d) · Law 312/2005 art. 6Read more →Buying by passport →
#UzufructUsufruct
Usufruct is the right to use property that belongs to another person and to collect its fruits as if one were the owner, while preserving its substance. The owner keeps bare ownership. A usufruct for an individual lasts at most for life; for a company, at most 30 years. It is registered in the land book.
Why it matters to you: Families often transfer a home to children while keeping a lifelong usufruct, and a registered usufruct binds any later buyer, so it must be checked in part C of the land book.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 703–708 · Law 7/1996 art. 23 (part C)Read more →
#IpotecăMortgage
An ipotecă (mortgage) is a real right over property that secures payment of a debt. A mortgage on real estate is created by a notarial deed and arises only when it is entered in the land book. It follows the property into anyone's hands, and the creditor is paid from its value before unsecured creditors.
Why it matters to you: A buyer must see any developer's mortgage on the villa released at or before handover, and a bank financing the purchase will register its own mortgage on the property.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 2343–2345, 2377–2379, 2386Read more →
#SarciniEncumbrances
Sarcini (encumbrances) are rights and restrictions that burden a property, recorded mainly in part C of the land book: superficie, usufruct, use, habitation, servitudes, mortgages and liens, leases, seizures and enforcement, and lawsuits concerning those rights. Prohibitions on sale or building appear in part B. A recent extract shows them all.
Why it matters to you: An encumbrance stays with the property after a sale unless it is released, so a buyer abroad should not transfer money until the extract shows which burdens will remain.
Legal basis: Law 7/1996 art. 23 (parts B and C) · Civil Code art. 2345(1)Read more →
#Servitute de trecereRight of way (easement)
A servitute de trecere (right of way) is a servitude that lets the owner of one property cross a neighbouring property on foot or by vehicle. It is created by contract or by usucapion and is registered in the land book. Separately, the Civil Code gives land with no access to a public road a legal right of passage.
Why it matters to you: If a villa reaches the public road through a private estate road, the buyer needs a registered right of way or a share in that road so access cannot later be blocked.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 755–770 · Civil Code art. 617–619 (legal right of passage)Read more →
#Drept de preempțiunePre-emption right
A pre-emption right (drept de preempțiune) is a priority right to buy a property at the same price and conditions agreed with a third party. It arises from law or from contract. For real estate, the holder has at most 30 days from notification to exercise it, and a sale to the third party is conditional on its non-exercise.
Why it matters to you: Statutory pre-emption mainly affects agricultural land outside the built-up area, so a villa buyer should confirm the plot is intravilan and that no contractual pre-emption is noted in the land book.
Legal basis: Civil Code art. 1730–1740 · Civil Code art. 902(2) pt. 13 · Law 17/2014 art. 4Read more →
#Buying process and documents
Contract de rezervare (convenție privind rezervarea cumpărării)Reservation agreement
A reservation agreement (convenție de rezervare) is a preliminary agreement by which a developer holds a future, off-plan home for a buyer. Romanian law limits it to 60 days and caps the reservation payment at 5% of the price, deducted from the price; above 5% the agreement is void. It must lead to a notarised promise or the sale itself.
Why it matters to you: It tells you the most a developer may lawfully take before the notary stage, and when that money must be returned to you.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026 (Planning, Urbanism and Construction Code), art. 422(9), Monitorul Oficial no. 661 of 10.08.2026 · Law 207/2025, art. I (former art. 22(5) of Law 10/1995), Monitorul Oficial no. 1133 of 08.12.2025Read more →
#Antecontract / promisiune bilaterală de vânzare-cumpărarePreliminary sale contract
A preliminary sale contract (antecontract, or bilateral promise of sale) is an agreement in which seller and buyer commit to sign the final sale later. It must contain all essential terms of that sale. If one party unjustifiably refuses to sign, a court can issue a judgment that replaces the sale contract. For off-plan homes it must be notarised.
Why it matters to you: It is usually where you pay the main advance, so its form and conditions decide how well that money and your right to the home are protected.
Legal basis: Civil Code (Law 287/2009, republished), art. 1279, 1669, 1670 · Law 169/2026, art. 422(7)-(8), Monitorul Oficial no. 661 of 10.08.2026 · Ministry of Justice Order 177/C/2024 (minimum notary fees), Annex 2 pt. XIV a)Read more →
#Act autentic (contract în formă autentică)Notarial deed
A notarial deed (act autentic) is a document drawn up or authenticated by a Romanian public notary after checking the parties' identity and consent. Romanian law requires this form, on pain of absolute nullity, for contracts that transfer or create real rights to be entered in the land book, which includes the sale of a house and its land.
Why it matters to you: A villa purchase signed only privately, without a notary, is void and cannot be registered in your name.
Legal basis: Civil Code (Law 287/2009, republished), art. 1244 · Law 36/1995 on public notaries (republished), art. 82, 90, 100Read more →
#Notar publicPublic notary
A public notary (notar public) is a Romanian legal professional, appointed under Law 36/1995, who performs a public-interest service as an autonomous office. In a property purchase the notary authenticates the sale deed, establishes the identity and capacity of the parties, and records in the deed the taxes and fees collected.
Why it matters to you: No Romanian property sale is valid without a notary, so the notary's office is where your purchase legally happens.
Legal basis: Law 36/1995 on public notaries (republished), art. 3, 12, 78, 84 · Ministry of Justice Order 177/C/2024 (minimum notary fees), art. 4Read more →
#Grila notarilor (studiu de piață privind valorile minime imobiliare)Notary price grid
The notary price grid (grila notarilor) is the annual market study of minimum property values that each Chamber of Public Notaries obtains from authorised valuers. When the declared price is lower than the grid value, the grid value becomes the base for the seller's transfer tax, the notary fee and the land-registration fee.
Why it matters to you: It explains why fees and taxes can be calculated on a value different from the price you agreed, and it is not a valuation of the villa.
Legal basis: Fiscal Code (Law 227/2015), art. 111(4^1) and (5) · Chamber of Public Notaries Bucharest, market studies 2026 · Ministry of Justice Order 177/C/2024, Annex art. 4(3) · ANCPI Order 16/2019 (tariffs), note 8Read more →
#Onorariu notarial și tarif de intabulareNotary fee and land-registration fee
The notary fee (onorariu notarial) is what the notary charges for authenticating the sale; the Ministry of Justice sets minimum fees on a sliding scale by property value. The registration fee (tarif de intabulare) is the cadastre agency's charge for entering the buyer's ownership in the land book: 0.15% of the deed value for individuals, 0.5% for companies.
Why it matters to you: These are the two main closing costs a buyer usually pays at the notary, and both follow fixed official scales you can check.
Legal basis: Ministry of Justice Order 177/C/2024 (minimum notary fees), Annex 2 pt. I, Monitorul Oficial no. 70 of 26.01.2024 · ANCPI Order 16/2019 on tariffs, codes 2.3.1-2.3.2 and note 8 (consolidated 07.04.2025) · OCPI Sălaj tariff page (Order 16/2019)Read more →
#Procură (notarială)Power of attorney
A power of attorney (procură) is a document by which you authorise another person to act in your name. To sign a Romanian property deed for you, the representative needs a special power of attorney in authentic form, because a mandate must follow the form required for the act it covers, and alienation or acquisition must be expressly authorised.
Why it matters to you: If you cannot fly in for signing, a properly drafted and apostilled power of attorney lets a trusted person sign for you.
Legal basis: Civil Code (Law 287/2009, republished), art. 2013, 2015, 2016 · Law 36/1995 on public notaries (republished), art. 18, 91, 164 · Ministry of Justice Order 177/C/2024, Annex 1 pt. 5.1Read more →
#ApostilăApostille
An apostille is a standard certificate under the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention that confirms the signature, the signer's capacity and the seal or stamp on a public document, so the document can be used in another member state without consular legalisation. It does not certify the content. Israel and Romania are both parties.
Why it matters to you: Israeli documents for a Romanian purchase, such as a notarised power of attorney, need an apostille before a Romanian notary or bank will accept them.
Legal basis: Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation, art. 1-6 · HCCH status table (Israel, Romania) · HCCH competent authorities: Israel · HCCH competent authorities: RomaniaRead more →
#Traducere autorizată / legalizatăCertified translation
A certified translation (traducere autorizată) is a translation made by a translator authorised by Romania's Ministry of Justice. When a notary then legalises the translator's signature, it becomes a legalised translation (traducere legalizată). Romanian notarial acts are in Romanian, so foreign documents and buyers who do not speak Romanian depend on such translators.
Why it matters to you: Your Israeli documents, and your understanding of the deed at signing, pass through an authorised translator.
Legal basis: Law 178/1997 on authorised translators and interpreters (Ministry of Justice information page) · Law 36/1995 on public notaries (republished), art. 12, 82, 153Read more →
#Cont dedicat (cont bancar distinct al dezvoltatorului)Dedicated project bank account
A dedicated project account is a separate bank account of the developer, dedicated to one project, into which a buyer's advance under an off-plan promise of sale must be paid. It may be spent only on that project, with the site supervisor's 'bun de plată' approval, up to 25% of the price for the structure and then 20% for installations.
Why it matters to you: It is the legal safeguard on your advance for an off-plan villa, so you should know what it does and what it does not guarantee.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 422(10)-(11), Monitorul Oficial no. 661 of 10.08.2026 · Law 207/2025, art. I (former art. 22(6)-(7) of Law 10/1995)Read more →
#CNP (cod numeric personal)Personal numeric code
The CNP (cod numeric personal) is the personal numeric code that uniquely identifies a natural person in Romanian state records and serves as the single identifier across public information systems. Romanian citizens receive it at birth; foreigners can receive one through a document issued by the General Inspectorate for Immigration. Foreign buyers without a CNP use a NIF instead.
Why it matters to you: Notaries, banks and the tax office identify you by a CNP or, if you have none, by a NIF, so you need one of the two to buy.
Legal basis: Government Emergency Ordinance 97/2005 (republished), art. 6 · Fiscal Procedure Code (Law 207/2015), art. 82(1) lit. d)-e) · ANAF guide: fiscal registration of non-resident individualsRead more →
#NIF (număr de identificare fiscală)Tax identification number for foreigners
The NIF (număr de identificare fiscală) is the tax identification number that ANAF, Romania's tax authority, assigns to an individual who has tax obligations in Romania but no CNP. A foreign buyer obtains it by filing Form 030 with a passport copy, in person or through a representative; it is replaced if a CNP is issued later.
Why it matters to you: Owning a villa creates Romanian tax obligations, such as local property tax, and without a CNP the tax authorities identify you by your NIF.
Legal basis: Fiscal Procedure Code (Law 207/2015), art. 82(1) lit. e) · ANAF guide: fiscal registration of non-resident individuals (Form 030, ANAF Order 1699/2021)Read more →
#Planning and construction
Certificat de urbanismUrban planning certificate
A certificat de urbanism is the mandatory information document issued by the local authority that states the legal, economic and technical regime of a plot under the approved urban plans: permitted uses, height, density, utilities and restrictions. It does not authorise any construction. Law 169/2026 provides five types, including an informative one anyone may request.
Why it matters to you: Before reserving a villa, an informative certificate on the plot shows you what the zoning allows on it and around it, from the town hall rather than from the sales brochure.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 253 (definition, types, content), art. 254 (informative certificate), art. 257 (certificate for construction, validity), MO 661/10.08.2026Read more →
#Autorizație de construireBuilding permit
An autorizație de construire is the individual administrative act issued by the competent public authority that permits construction work: new buildings, interventions on existing ones, or site works. Under Law 169/2026 it is issued only for designs checked by certified project verifiers and compliant with the urban plans, and is valid 3 years from issue.
Why it matters to you: A villa built off-plan should rest on a valid permit; ask for its number and date, and check that the plans you are sold match it.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 259 (definition), art. 273 (issue deadline), art. 309 (validity), art. 310 (loss of validity), MO 661/10.08.2026Read more →
#PUG / PUZ / PUDGeneral urban plan / zonal urban plan / detailed urban project
PUG, PUZ and PUD are Romania's three levels of urban planning. The PUG (general plan) sets rules for a whole locality down to each plot; a PUZ (zonal plan) details or changes them for one area; a PUD details siting, access and volumes for specific buildings. Under Law 169/2026, PUD means proiect urbanistic de detaliu.
Why it matters to you: The plans decide what can be built next to your villa and on empty land nearby, so check which plan applies before you buy.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 45 (PUG), art. 62 (PUZ), art. 76 (PUZ approval), art. 81 and 85 (PUD), art. 576(1)-(2) (PUG updating), MO 661/10.08.2026Read more →
#Proces-verbal de recepție la terminarea lucrărilorCompletion acceptance report
The proces-verbal de recepție la terminarea lucrărilor is the signed report concluding the completion acceptance of a building: the check that the works match the building permit, the quality requirements and the technical book. Under Law 169/2026, a building may be put into use only after this acceptance is admitted. A final acceptance follows when the guarantee period ends.
Why it matters to you: Ask for a copy before handover: it shows the house was formally accepted and lists any defects the builder must still fix.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 527 (reception, two stages, use only after admission), art. 528 (completion reception, documents), art. 577(6) (HG 273/1994 regulation stays in force), MO 661/10.08.2026 · Law 372/2005 (republished 2020), art. 23(1)-(2): energy certificate attached to the reception report (mirror of MO 868/2020)Read more →
#Cartea tehnică a construcțieiBuilding technical book
The cartea tehnică a construcției is the building's official technical file: design documents updated to the as-built state, execution and reception records, and the instructions for use, maintenance and monitoring over time. The developer compiles it and hands it to the owner at completion reception; the owner must keep it up to date and pass it to any buyer.
Why it matters to you: When you receive a new villa, the technical book is your record of how it was built and how it must be maintained.
Legal basis: Law 169/2026, art. 528(2)-(3), art. 529 (electronic book in the National Register of Constructions), art. 530 (content, obligations), MO 661/10.08.2026Read more →
#Certificat de performanță energeticăEnergy performance certificate (EPC)
A certificat de performanță energetică is the document, issued by a certified energy auditor, that states a building's energy class, primary energy consumption, CO2 emissions and renewable share. Under Law 372/2005 it is required for buildings that are built, sold or rented, is valid for 10 years, and must be shown to a buyer before signing.
Why it matters to you: For a new villa, the certificate is attached to the completion reception and tells you its energy class and expected consumption.
Legal basis: Law 372/2005 (republished, MO 868/2020), art. 21 (when required, 10-year validity), art. 22 (sale), art. 23 (new buildings), art. 24 (advertisements); text read on a mirror · Law 238/2024 amending Law 372/2005 (MO 714/22.07.2024): list of amended articles · Law 169/2026, art. 402(2): energy performance requirements are those of Law 372/2005Read more →
#Clasa de risc seismic (RsI–RsIV) / normativ P100Seismic risk class / P100 seismic design code
A seismic risk class (RsI to RsIV) is the rating a certified technical expert gives an existing building after a seismic assessment: RsI means high risk of collapse in the design earthquake, RsIV a response similar to buildings designed to current norms. New buildings are instead designed to the P100-1 seismic design code.
Why it matters to you: For a new villa, ask which P100-1 edition the structure was designed to; risk classes and the Bucharest AMCCRS list mainly concern older buildings.
Legal basis: AICPS public information material on seismic risk classes and technical expertise (02.03.2025), citing P100-3/2019 · AMCCRS (Bucharest City Hall) list of buildings classified by seismic risk · AICPS letter to MDLPA on draft P100-1/2025 (15.09.2025)Read more →
#La roșu / la gri / la cheieShell / grey / turnkey finish levels
La roșu, la gri and la cheie are Romanian market terms for how finished a home is at handover. La roșu is usually the structure, walls and roof; la gri adds windows, plaster, screeds and utility routes; la cheie is ready to live in. They have no legal definition, so the contract must list what is included.
Why it matters to you: Never rely on the label: ask for the written specification annex listing every finish and installation included in the price.
Read more →
#Asociația de proprietari (Legea 196/2018)Owners' association
An asociație de proprietari is the autonomous, non-profit association of owners in a condominium, set up under Law 196/2018 to manage common property. A condominium needs at least three individual properties plus shared parts, and the law expressly includes a residential ensemble of detached, terraced or semi-detached houses with common and individual property.
Why it matters to you: In a gated villa compound with shared roads, gates or green areas, an owners' association can be the legal body that runs and pays for them.
Legal basis: Law 196/2018, art. 2 lit. a), b), h) (definitions) and art. 3(1), (3) lit. c) (condominium includes residential ensembles), MO 660/30.07.2018 · Law 196/2018, art. 3 (current text, secondary source)Read more →
#Money, tax and finance
TVA la locuințeVAT on new housing
VAT on new housing (TVA la locuințe) is the value added tax a developer adds when it sells a new home. Since 1 August 2025 the standard rate is 21% under art. 291(1) of the Fiscal Code, and the reduced housing rate was repealed. A transitional 9% rate, for advances signed by 1 August 2025, ended on 30 September 2026.
Why it matters to you: On a new villa bought from a developer today, budget for 21% VAT on top of the net price; a quoted 9% or 5% rate no longer applies to new contracts.
Legal basis: Codul fiscal (Legea 227/2015), ANAF consolidated text updated to Legea 170/2026, art. 291 alin. (1) (standard rate 21%) and alin. (3) (repealed) · Legea 141/2025, art. III (transitional 9% rate, 1.08.2025–31.07.2026), as annotated in the ANAF consolidated Fiscal Code · Legea 161/2026 (MO 642/04.08.2026): 9% window reopened 7.08–30.09.2026 (secondary summary)Read more →
#Impozit pe clădiri și terenLocal property tax (buildings and land)
The local property tax (impozit pe clădiri și teren) is the annual tax a town hall levies on buildings and land under Title IX of the Fiscal Code. For an individual's home, the council applies 0.08%–0.2% to a taxable value built from floor area, a statutory lei/m² value and a locality coefficient. Land is taxed separately, per hectare.
Why it matters to you: A foreign owner pays this tax to the local town hall every year, in two instalments by 31 March and 30 September, so it belongs in the holding-cost budget.
Legal basis: Codul fiscal (Legea 227/2015), ANAF consolidated text updated to Legea 170/2026, Title IX, art. 457 (residential buildings of individuals) · Codul fiscal (Legea 227/2015), ANAF consolidated text updated to Legea 170/2026, art. 465 (land tax) · Codul fiscal (Legea 227/2015), ANAF consolidated text updated to Legea 170/2026, art. 462 (payment dates, up to 10% early-payment discount) · DITL Sector 5 Bucharest: 2026 calculation after Legea 239/2025 and OUG 9/2026Read more →
#Impozit pe venitul din transferul proprietăților imobiliareTax on the sale of a property (paid by the seller)
The property transfer tax (impozit pe venitul din transferul proprietăților imobiliare) is the tax an individual seller pays on the price of a Romanian property, under art. 111 of the Fiscal Code: 3% if owned up to three years, 1% if owned longer. The notary calculates and collects it before signing, on at least the notary-grid minimum value.
Why it matters to you: If you later sell your villa as an individual, the notary withholds this tax at signing, so you can calculate your net proceeds in advance.
Legal basis: Codul fiscal (Legea 227/2015), ANAF consolidated text updated to Legea 170/2026, art. 111 alin. (1), (4), (4^1), (6)Read more →
#IRCC (Indicele de referință pentru creditele consumatorilor)Consumer credit reference index
IRCC (Indicele de referință pentru creditele consumatorilor) is the National Bank of Romania's reference index for variable-rate consumer loans in lei, including mortgages, regulated by OUG 19/2019. It is the quarterly average of a daily interbank index. The latest published value is 5.57% (2026 Q2), which applies to loan resets from October 2026.
Why it matters to you: On a variable-rate lei mortgage your rate is IRCC plus the bank's fixed margin, so it shows how your monthly payment can move.
Legal basis: BNR, IRCC page (states: IRCC is regulated by OUG 19/2019)Read more →
#Grad de îndatorareDebt-service-to-income ratio (BNR caps)
Grad de îndatorare (debt-service-to-income ratio) is the share of a borrower's net monthly income that goes to all loan repayments. National Bank of Romania Regulation 17/2012, as amended by Regulation 6/2018, caps it at 40% for lei loans and 20% for foreign-currency loans, each raised by 5 percentage points for a first home the borrower occupies.
Why it matters to you: Your income, not only the property price, limits how much a Romanian bank can lend you, and euro loans face a much lower cap than lei loans.
Legal basis: BNR Regulation 17/2012 on certain lending conditions, as amended by Regulation 6/2018 (consolidated text on legislatie.just.ro, unreachable on 16.10.2026) · BNR, Financial Stability Report June 2025 (confirms the DSTI limit is in force)Read more →
#Noua CasăNoua Casă state-guaranteed home-loan programme
Noua Casă (formerly Prima Casă) is Romania's state-guaranteed mortgage programme, created by OUG 60/2009 and run by FNGCIMM, for buyers who own no home, or only one under 50 m² useful area. A home up to €70,000 needs 5% down; a new home up to €140,000 needs 15% down. The state guarantees 50–60% of the loan.
Why it matters to you: The programme targets modest first homes bought with a Romanian bank loan, so a villa above €140,000 falls outside it and is financed with an ordinary mortgage (for buyers from abroad, up to 70% of the price).
Legal basis: FNGCIMM, Noua Casă programme page (OUG 60/2009; HG 717/2009 norms as amended)Read more →
#Legea 207/2025 („legea Nordis”) / Legea 169/2026 art. 422The off-plan sales law (Nordis law)
Law 207/2025, known as the Nordis law, is Romania's rulebook for selling homes off-plan. Since 25 August 2026 its rules sit in art. 422(6)–(11) of Law 169/2026: reservations last at most 60 days and cost at most 5% of the price, and advances go into a dedicated project account, spendable up to 25% (structure) and 20% (installations) of the price.
Why it matters to you: These rules tell you how much a developer may legally take before handover and where your advance must sit, which is the core check before signing off-plan.
Legal basis: Legea 169/2026 (Codul amenajării teritoriului, urbanismului și construcțiilor), art. 422 alin. (6)–(11) and art. 575, Monitorul Oficial nr. 661/10.08.2026 · Legea 207/2025 amending art. 22 of Legea 10/1995 and art. 26 of Legea 7/1996, Monitorul Oficial nr. 1133/08.12.2025Read more →
#This glossary is general information, not legal, tax or financial advice. Figures are correct as of October 2026. Before a purchase, consult an independent lawyer.